Why in News?  

The VARUNA 2025 naval exercise between India and France is currently underway from March 19 to 22, 2025. This year marks the 23rd edition of the exercise, highlighting the ongoing strategic partnership between the two nations in enhancing maritime security and interoperability. 

About Exercise VARUNA 

• VARUNA is an annual bilateral naval exercise between India and France, which began in 2001. 
• The exercise aims to enhance interoperability, operational synergy, and strengthen the maritime defence capabilities of both countries.