About 

The Tughlaq Dynasty was a ruling family of the Delhi Sultanate, succeeding the Khilji Dynasty. It ruled from 1320 to 1414 and is known for its ambitious projects, administrative reforms, and economic challenges. 

Key Rulers 

• Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (1320 – 1325 AD) 
  • Founder of the Tughlaq Dynasty. 
  • Strengthened the empire’s military and administrative structure. 
  • Built Tughlaqabad Fort in Delhi. 
•  Muhammad bin Tughlaq (1325 – 1351 AD) 
  • Known for his ambitious yet failed experiments. 
  • Shifted the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad (Maharashtra), causing hardships. 
  • Introduced token currency (copper coins), leading to counterfeiting and economic collapse. 
  • Conducted unsuccessful military campaigns in Deccan and Central Asia. 
  • Faced widespread revolts due to his harsh policies. 
•  Firoz Shah Tughlaq (1351 – 1388 AD) 
  • Focused on welfare and infrastructure development. 
  • Built canals, rest houses, and mosques. 
  • Established Firozabad (now in Delhi) and repaired Qutub Minar. 
  • Imposed Jizya tax on non-Muslims. 
  • Encouraged slave employment in administration. 
•  Decline of the Tughlaq Dynasty (1388 – 1414 AD) 
  • Weak rulers followed Firoz Shah, leading to political instability. 
  • Timur’s invasion (1398) weakened the empire further, causing mass destruction in Delhi. 
  • Last ruler, Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah (1394–1414), was overthrown by Khusro Khan, marking the end of the dynasty. 
  • The dynasty's decline led to the emergence of the Sayyid Dynasty in 1414.