Why in News? 

Renowned filmmaker Shyam Benegal, a luminary of Indian cinema and a key figure in the parallel cinema movement, passed away on 23^rd December 2024 due to kidney-related complications. 

 Shyam Benegal: A Pioneer of Indian Cinema 

• Shyam Benegal is a renowned filmmaker and one of the most influential figures in Indian cinema, known for spearheading the parallel cinema movement.  
• Born in 1934, he brought a fresh perspective to filmmaking by focusing on realistic and socially relevant themes.  
• His debut film, Ankur (1974), is considered a milestone in Indian cinema for its portrayal of rural life and social issues. 
• Through films like Nishant, Manthan, and Bhumika, Benegal addressed topics such as gender inequality, caste discrimination, and political struggles, earning critical acclaim. His work is celebrated for its depth, authenticity, and ability to shed light on pressing societal concerns. 
• In addition to films, Benegal contributed to Indian television with series like Bharat Ek Khoj, which beautifully depicted India's history.  
• Over his career, he has received numerous awards, including the prestigious Padma Shri and Padma Bhushan.