• On 8^th August 1942, Mahatma Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement at the session of the All-India Congress Committee in Mumbai. 
• The movement is also known as August Kranti. 
• Gandhiji gave the call “Do or Die” in his speech delivered at the Gowalia Tank Maidan, now popularly known as August Kranti Maidan. 
• Aruna Asaf Ali or the 'Grand Old Lady' of the Independence Movement hoisted the Indian flag at the Gowalia Tank Maidan in Mumbai during the Quit India Movement. 
• Quit India slogan was coined by Yusuf Meherally, who had earlier coined slogan “Simon Go Back”. 
• Causes of Movement 
  • Failure of Cripps Mission. 
  • Declaration of Indian Involvement by British in World War II without consulting Indian leaders. 
  • Demand for full-independence had gained popularity. 
  • Many Small Movements prepared the ground for the movement. 
  • Economy was shattered due to World War II and people faced shortage of essential Commodities. 
• Demands of Movement 
  • To end the British rule in India with immediate effect 
  • To form a provisional government after the withdrawal of the Britishers. 
• Phases of Movement  
  • First Phase: Urban revolts with strikes, boycotts, and picketing were quickly suppressed. Gandhi and other leaders were arrested, and workers supported the movement by halting factory work. 
  • Second Phase: Focus shifted to rural areas, leading to major peasant rebellions, destruction of communication systems, and attacks on government buildings. 
  • Third Phase: National or parallel governments were established in isolated areas like Ballia, Tamluk, and Satara. 
• Result of Movement  
  • Successes 
    • Rise of Future Leaders such as Ram Manohar Lohia, J.P. Narayan, Aruna Asaf Ali, Biju Patnaik, Sucheta Kriplani, etc. 
    • Women Participation 
    • Rise of Nationalism 
    • Paved the way for Independence 
  • Failures 
    • Brutally Repressed. 
    • Lack of Support as Muslim League, the Communist Party of India and the Hindu Mahasabha did not support the movement. 
    • Many Congress members like C Rajagopalachari resigned from the provincial legislature as they did not favour Mahatma Gandhi's idea.

Quit India Movement