Why in News? 

• India is encouraging photonic chip development to strengthen its position in advanced computing technologies like 6G, AI, and quantum computing. 

About Photonic Chip: 

• Concept: A photonic chip is similar to an electronic chip but uses light (photons) instead of electricity (electrons) to process and transmit data. 
• Components: Unlike electronic chips that use resistors and transistors, photonic chips use optical components like: Waveguides, Lasers and Polarizers. 
• Significance: 
• Ultra-high speed & bandwidth: Enables faster data transmission. 
• Minimal heat generation and immune to electromagnetic interference. 
• Energy-efficient and suitable for future technologies like: 
  • 6G 
  • Artificial Intelligence (AI) 
  • Quantum Computing 
  • Data Centres