Why in News? 

Peru has declared a state of emergency and deployed the army in its capital, Lima.  

About Peru 

• Geopolitical Location 
  • Peru is located on the western coast of South America, acting as a connector between the Pacific Ocean, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon Basin.  
  • It shares borders with Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil to the east, and Bolivia and Chile to the south. 
• Geographical Features 
  • Drainage: The river system is dominated by the Amazon River, with Lake Titicaca, the world’s highest navigable lake, shared with Bolivia. 
  • Forests: Approximately 60% of Peru is covered by the vast Amazon Rainforest, which plays a critical role in the global ecosystem. 
  • Unique Landscapes: Notable features include the Atacama Desert extending from Chile into southern Peru, and the Nazca Lines, mysterious geoglyphs etched into the desert floor. The Humboldt Current, a cold oceanic current, also influences Peru's coastal climate. 
• Natural Resources 
  • Peru is rich in natural resources, with one of the world's largest silver reserves, contributing significantly to its mining industry.