Why in the News?

The 62^nd Nagaland Statehood Day was celebrated at Nagaland House, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Road, New Delhi on 1^st December 2024.

About Nagaland

• Statehood Status: 1^st December 1963; capital is Kohima.
  • 13^th Constitutional Amendment Act 1962 laid foundation of the statehood of the Nagaland.
  • Nagaland was constituted as 16^th State of India on 1st December 1963.
• Legislation: The State of Nagaland Act, 1962.
• Significance: Created to address nationalist movements and ensure political unity among Naga tribes.
• Historical Background
  • Post-independence, Naga territory was part of Assam.
  • Nationalist movements demanded political autonomy or secession.
  • 1957: Naga Hills and Tuensang united under central administration.
  • 1963: Nagaland became a state; 1964: Democratic government established.
  • Geography
• Boundaries: Bordered by Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Assam, and Myanmar.
• Climate: Monsoonal, with 70-100 inches of annual rainfall mainly during May–September.
• Biodiversity
  • Flora: Tropical forests (palms, bamboo, rattan, timber), coniferous forests at high altitudes, and secondary growth from shifting cultivation.
  • Fauna: Diverse, including elephants, tigers, leopards, mithun (state animal), and Blyth's tragopan (state bird).
• Tribes
  • Dominant tribes: Konyaks, Aos, Tangkhuls, Semas, and Angamis.
  • Other tribes: Lothas, Sangtams, Phoms, Changs, Yimchungers, and others.
• Economy
  • Predominantly agrarian; 90% of the population engaged in agriculture.
  • Main crops: Rice, corn, millets, pulses, and potatoes.
  • Heavily reliant on imports for food security.
• Protected Areas
  • Intanki National Park
  • Wildlife Sanctuaries: Singphan, Pulie Badze, Fakim
• Major Festival: The Hornbill Festival (1st–10th December) celebrates the state's culture and attracts global tourists.
• Unique Point: Introduced in 2000 to promote Nagaland’s tourism.

Map of Nagaland