Why in News? 

Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram celebrate their foundation day annually on 20th February. 

Arunachal Pradesh – The Land of the Rising Sun 

History 

• Initially part of Assam until 1954, when it was administratively separated as North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA).  
• Mentioned in ancient Indian texts like the Mahabharata and Puranas. 
• Influenced by Tibetan, Burmese, and Assamese cultures. 

 Formation of Arunachal Pradesh 

• Became a Union Territory in 1972. 
• Declared a full-fledged state on 20th February 1987. 

 Key Features of Arunachal Pradesh 

• Capital: Itanagar 
• Chief Minister: Shri Pema Khandu 
• State Animal: Mithun (also known as Gayal) 
• State Bird: Hornbill 
• Rich Tribal Culture – 26 major tribes and over 100 sub-tribes.  
• Buddhism & Tawang Monastery – India’s largest and the world’s second-largest Buddhist monastery. 
• Strategic Military Importance – Important for India’s defense due to its border with China. 

 Mizoram – The Land of Bamboo and Peace 

History  

• Earlier known as the Lushai Hills District under Assam. 
• Declared a special district in 1950 and became a Union Territory in 1972. 
• Gained full statehood on 20th February 1987. 

 Key Features of Mizoram 

• Capital: Aizawl 
• Chief Minister: Lalduhoma 
• State Animal: Saza (serow) 
• State Bird: Vavu (Hume Bartailed Pheasant). 
• Land of Bamboo & Forests: 90% forest cover and a leading bamboo producer. 
• Festivals & Dance 
  • Major festivals: Chapchar Kut, Mim Kut, and Thalfavang Kut. 
  • Cheraw (Bamboo Dance) is a famous traditional dance. 
• Peaceful State: After the 1986 Peace Accord, it became one of India’s most peaceful states.